INT331

A lot has changed, during the 1900's due to many significant events that now shapes the world of today. In the world of art and design, many movements rose in the late 1800's and still continued to do so in the 1900's. World War I (1914-1918) changed the way of how architects and people in general see the world and get a chance to redesign the cities. However, before the war begun, Art Nouveau and the Prairie Style movement influences what we call now Modernism. There was also the appearance of new technologies such as skyscrapers, new methods of transports with the train and automobiles, etcetera, which explains the embrace and support for industrial design. The modern movement had four major pioneers that were all architects, which are Frank Lloyd Wright, Walter Gropius, Mies Van der Rohe and Le Corbusier. It is interesting to see that all four of them, while contributing to modernism were somehow indirectly influenced by the previous art movements such as ...

Painting of "The Family" by Gustav Klimt. Protomodernism is what preceded modernism (Proto meaning primitive or original). Its an interesting movement that truly shaped arts today. It is believed to have started in 1897 with the Vienna Secession, and unlike any other movement that we've seen so far, it took place in Eastern Europe with Austria. There are several similarities with the other movements that we've seen precedently due to their large influence ( Arts of Crafts and Art Nouveau) such as the rejection of the Victorian historicism and that there was an unity among the arts. The unity among the art during the Vienna Secession, a design revolution, was greater and stronger than the other movements in a sense that the Secessionnists really shared the same belief that "decorative motifs are carriers of meaning and not necessarily antithetical to artistic expression...

Art Nouveau, as we have discussed previously, was a pretty big influence in the world, apart from Europe. The movement did reach the United States of America, but not as "a full-blown movement". Indeed, there were only two main American figures who were apart of this movement, and they did bring a much more bigger influence in the world with their amazing works. First, there was Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848-1933), an American artist and designer who has experiences in artistic painting, stained glass, and the decorative arts. He brought the movement in the United States, after attending the famous first exhibition/gallery called Art Nouveau, in Paris. He is mostly known for his lamps, vases, and windows. A Louis Comfort Tiffany vase. The other main figure that represents Art Nouveau in the United States, is the architect Louis Henry Sullivan (1856-1924). He is considered to be the "father of skyscrapers" and the "father of modernism...